Logical Reasoning Questions and Answers

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ANALOGY - PART-1 - 

This is an important category of questions and in almost all examinations, some questions are asked on this. There are two kinds of relationships that exist between words: (i) Similarity (ii) Non-similarity. When two words are similar then there must be some logically explicable way in which they are similar. If the same logical explanation may be given for another pair of words, their relationship will also be similar in the same way. Then we say that the two pairs are analogous i.e they exhibit analogy. For example, student: school and patient: hospitals are analogous pairs of words because they have the same relationship between them. A student goes to school, a patient goes to hospital.

Analogy means correspondence. In questions based on analogy, a particular relationship is given and another similar relationship has to identify from the alternatives provided. Analogy test are, therefore, meant to test a candidate over all knowledge, power of reasoning and ability to think concisely and accurately. Questions on analogy test the ability of a candidate to understand the relationship between two given objects and apply the same relationship to find that asked in the question. Below are given some common relationship, which will help you detect most analogies better.

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Different Types Completing the Analogy pair 

Type -1:      Direct/Simple Analogy

In this type of questions, the first two words have a definite.  We have to choose one word out of the given four alternatives which have same relationship with the third word as between the first two

1. Apparel is related to cloth in the same way as footwear is related to...?

a. Material     b. leather        c. cobbler       d. shoes         e. sandal

Sol b. first is made by other

2. Which of the following is related to Melody in the same way as Delicious is related to Taste?

a. Voice          b. Speak         c. Tongue       d. Highness

Sol: a, Delicious represents good taste. Similarly, Melody describe pleasant Voice

3. Wave is the related to air in the same way as Ripples is related to......?

a. Wind          b. Water         c. Strom          d. Smoke

Sol : b, Wave travel in air, ripples travel in water

4. Paddy is related to Field in the same way as Steel is related to......?

a. mine           b. factory        c. Iron             D. Ore

Sol   second is the place where the first is grown/produce

Type 2: Completing The Analogues pair

In this type of questions, two words are given. These are related to each other in some way. Another word is also given. The candidate is required t o find out the relationship between the first two words and choose the word from the given alternatives, which bears the same relationship to the third word, as the first two bear

1. Giant: Dwarf:: Genius : ?

a. Wicked      b. gentle         c. Idiot            d. tiny

Sol. Dwarf is the antonym Of Giant. Similarly, the antonym of Genius Is Idiot

2. Cattle: Herd:: Sheep : ?

a. Flock          b. swan           c. shoal          d. mob

Sol. herd is a group of cattle similarly; flock is a collection of sheep

3. Meningitis: Brain:: Cirrhosis : ?

a. Lungs         b. brain           c. liver           d. heart

Sol. C. First is a disease which effect the second

4. Horse: Jockey:: Car: ?

a. Mechanic   b. Chauffeur c. Steering      d. Brake

Sol.  first is driven by the second

5 Fruit: Banana:: mammal : ?

a. cow             b. snake          c. fish              d. sparrow

Sol. C. first denote the class to which the second belongs

6. Rat: cat:: Worm : ?

a. Fishing       b. earth           c. bird             d. silk

Sol. C. second feed the first

7 Walking: Running:: Smiling : ?

a. Feeling       b. Laughing   c. face                         d. Weeping

Sol B. second is the more intense form of the first

8. Eye: Wink: Heart?

a. Move          b. Throb         c. Pump         d. Quiver

Sol. C.  second denote the activity of the first

9 house: garbage: ore?

a. Rubbish     b. gangue       c. sand            d. dregs

Sol. B. the waste of the house is called garbage. Similarly, the impurities in the ore are called gangue

10. Fire: extinguish:: thirst : ?

a. quench       b. satiate        c mitigate       d. drink

sol. A. second is the name given to the act of doing away with the first

11. Wizard: witch:: monk : ?

a. madam       b. widow       c. nun             d. virgin

sol. C. second is feminine gender of the first

12. Connoisseur: art:: gourmet : ?

a. food            b. money        c drink            d. flesh

sol. first has good taste for the second

Type 3- Choosing the Analogus Pair

In this type of questions , a pair of word is given ,followed by four pair of words as alternatives. The candidate is required to choose the pair in which the words bear the same relationship to each other as the words of the given pair bear

1. Darkness: Lamp

a. Fatigue: Exercise   b. Thirst: Water     c. Medicine: Illness     d. Study: Classroom

Soln. B. Just as a lamp eliminates darkness, so also water eliminates thirst.

2. Fish: Shoal

a. Audience: Theatre    b. Shark: School    c.  Elephant: Flock     d.  Whale: Herd

Soln. A group of fish is called shoal. Similarly, a group of elephants is called flock.

So, the answer is (c).

3. Energy: Joule

a.      Axe :Grind    b. Ammeter :Current      c. Power : Ampere     d. Resistance : Ohm

Soln. Joule is the unit of measuring energy. Similarly ohm is the unit of measuring resistance. So the answer is (d).

TYPE 4 - Choosing a similar word

In this type of questions, a group of three/four words is given, followed by four other words as alternatives. The candidate is required to choose the alternative, which is similar to the given words.

1. Iron: Copper: zinc

a.      ceramic          b. carbon        c. silver          d. coke

Soln. answer is (c). All are metals.

2. Jute: cotton: wool

a.      terylene          b. silk             c. rayon          d. nylon

Soln. answer is (b). All are natural fibers.

3. Calf: Kid: Pup

a.      infant             b. young         c. larva           d. animal

Soln. answer is (c). All are young one of animals.

4. Potato: Carrot: Radish

a.      Tomato    b. Spinach             c. Sesame       d. Groundnut

Soln. answer is (d). All grows underground.

5. Marble: Slate: Gneiss

a.      Quartzite       b. Limestone             c. Coal                                    d. Sandstone

Soln. answer is (a). All are metamorphic rocks.

Type-5- Alphabet Analogy

In this type of questions, two group of letters related to each other in some way,are given.the candidate is required to find out this relationship and then choose either a letter-group which is related in the same way to a third group provided in the questions or pair consisting of similarly related letter-groups.

Ex.1. BEGK is related to ADFJ in the same way as PSVY is related to …….?......

(a) LOQT(b) ROUX(c) OTUZ(d) ORUX

Sol. Clearly, each letter of the first group in a pair is moved one step backward to obtain the corresponding letter of the second group.

B E G K P S V Y

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

A D F J O R U X

Hence ,the answer is (d).

Ex.2. ABCD : NPRT : : FGHI : ?

Sol. Clearly, the first, second, third and fourth letters of the first group are moved

13,14,15 and 16 steps forward respectivel to obtain the corresponding letters of the second group.

A B C D F G H I

+13 +14 +15 +16 +13 +14 +15 +16

N P R T S U W Y

Ex.3. BLOCKED : YOLXPVW : : ? : OZFMXS

(a) LAUNCH(b) DEBATE(c) LABOUR(d) RESULT

Sol. Clearly, each letter in the first group occupies the same positions from the beginning of the alphabet as is occupied by the corresponding letter of the second group from the end of the alphabet.

Now, O,Z,F,M,X,S are respectively the 12^th , 1^st, 21^st, 14^th ,3^rd, 8^th letters from the end of the alphabet. Thus, the required letter group shall have in order the 12^th, 1^st, 21^st, 14^th ,3^rd, 8^th letters from the beginning of the alphabet, which is LAUNCH

Hence the answer is a

TYPE -6- NUMBER BASED

This section deals with two types of questions :

I. Choosing a number related to a given number in the same manner as the two numbers of another given pair are related to each other.

II. Choosing a similarly related pair as the given number pair on the basis of the relation between the numbers in each pair.

III. Choosing a number similar to a group of numbers on the basis of certain common properties that they possess.

IV. Choosing a number set similar to a given number set

1. 14: 9:: 26: ?

a. 12                b.13                 c.15                d.31

Soln. answer is (c). The relationship is (2x-4): x

2. 8 : 28 :: 27 : ?

a.55                 b.63                c.64                 d.65

Soln. answer is (d). The relationship is x*3: ( x+1)*3 +1

3. 42 : 56 :: 72 : ?

a. 81                b.90                 c.92                d.100

Soln. answer is (b). 42=6x7, 56=7x8, 72=8x9 so missing fig is 90 = 9x10 .

4. 49: 81:: 100:?

a.64                 b.144               c.169               d. none of these

Soln. answer is (b).The relationship is x*2: (x+2)*2

Aptitude Questions and Answers

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Class 1-10 GK Questions

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Directory a.p and central .website

http://aviiviannee.blogspot.in/2012/01/directory-for-andhra-pradesh-websites.html


http://aviiviannee.blogspot.in/2012/01/list-of-central-government-websites.html

List of Central Government Websites hosted on NIC

1 http://kvbegumpet.ap.nic.in Kendriya Vidyalaya Air Force Station, Begumpet
2 http://kvemailaram.ap.nic.in Kendriya Vidyalaya Eddumailaram
3 http://kvbolarum.ap.nic.in Kendriya Vidyalaya Bolarum
4 http://kvsuryalanka.ap.nic.in Kendriya Vidyalaya Air Force Station, Suryalanka
5 http://kv1afa.ap.nic.in kendriya vidyalay AirForce Academy
6 http://kvsrohyd.ap.nic.in Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan Regional Office Hyderabad
7 http://nrcjowar.ap.nic.in National Research Centre for Sorghum
8 http://nisa.ap.nic.in National Institute of Security Academy
9 http://ncc.ap.nic.in National Cadet Corps
10 http://pisfci.ap.nic.in Personnel Information System
11 http://iip1.ap.nic.in Index of Industrial Production-On-line Data Transmission system
12 http://apfci2.ap.nic.in Food Corporation Of India A.P
13 http://ekpanch.ap.nic.in e-Panchayat
14 http://nird.ap.nic.in National Institute of Rural Development
15 http://gsiti.ap.nic.in Geological Survey of India Training Institute
16 http://gram.ap.nic.in Gram Panchayat Financial Accounting Module
17 http://www.ap.nic.in/nppti National Plant Protection Training Institute
18 http://bdl.ap.nic.in Bharat Dynamic Limited
19 http://fcicpbs.ap.nic.in Food Corporation Of india Ap Region
20 http://pibhyd.ap.nic.in Press Information Bureau,Hyderabad
21 http://kv1tirupati.ap.nic.in Kendriya Vidyalaya No:1, Tirupati
22 http://kvramagundam.ap.nic.in Kendriya Vidyalaya , Ramagundam
23 http://kvanantapur.ap.nic.in Kendriya Vidyalaya Anantapur
24 http://kvtirumalagiri.ap.nic.in Kendriya Vidyalaya,Tirumalgiri
25 http://kvguntur.ap.nic.in Kendriya Vidyalaya,Guntur
26 http://kv2tirupati.ap.nic.in Kendriya Vidyalaya-2,Tirupati
27 http://kv1vijayawada.ap.nic.in Kendriya Vidyalaya-1,Vijayawada
28 http://kv2vijayawada.ap.nic.in Kendriya Vidyalaya-2,Vijayawada
29 http://kvnfcnagar.ap.nic.in Kendriya Vidyalaya, NFC Nagar
30 http://kv2svnagar.ap.nic.in Kendriya Vidyalaya No.2 Visakhapatnam
31 http://kvsteelplant.ap.nic.in Kendriya Vidyalaya,Steelplant
32 http://kvgooty.ap.nic.in Kendriya Vidyalaya,gooty
33 http://kv2uppal.ap.nic.in Kendriya Vidyalaya-2,Uppal
34 http://kv2golconda.ap.nic.in Kendriya Vidyalaya-2,Golconda
35 http://kv1nbvizag.ap.nic.in Kendriya Vidyalaya-1,Vizag
36 http://kvhakimpet.ap.nic.in Kendriya Vidyalaya,Hakimpet
37 http://kvkurnool.ap.nic.in Kendriya Vidyalaya,Kurnool
38 http://kv1golconda.ap.nic.in Kendriya Vidyalaya-1,Golconda
39 http://kvguntakal.ap.nic.in Kendriya Vidyalaya,Guntakal
40 http://kvsrikakulam.ap.nic.in Kendriya Vidyalaya,Srikakulam
41 http://kvbowenpally.ap.nic.in Kendriya Vidyalaya,Bowenpally
42 http://kvmalkapuram.ap.nic.in Kendriya Vidyalaya,Malkapuram
43 http://kv1uppal.ap.nic.in Kendriya Vidyalaya-1,Uppal
44 http://kv2nsbvizag.ap.nic.in Kendriya Vidyalaya-2,Vizag
45 http://kvongcrjy.ap.nic.in Kendriya Vidyalaya ONGC Rajahmundry
46 http://kv2afa.ap.nic.in Kendriya Vidyalaya No.2, Air Force Academy, Hyderabad
47 http://kvwaltair.ap.nic.in Kendriya Vidyalaya Waltair
48 http://kvgachibowli.ap.nic.in Kendriya Vidyalaya Gachibowli
49 http://kvnpa.ap.nic.in Kendriya Vidyalaya, Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel National Police Academy
50 http://kvinskalinga.ap.nic.in Kendriya Vidyalaya,INS Kalinga
51 http://indianepilepsyassociation.ap.nic.in indian epilepsy association
52 http://kvpicket.ap.nic.in Kendriya Vidyalaya,Picket
53 http://kvmachilipatnam.ap.nic.in Kendriya Vidyalaya,machilipatnam
54 http://kvcrpfhyd.ap.nic.in Kendriya Vidlaya,CRPF,Barkas
55 http://kvnadvizag.ap.nic.in Kendriya Vidyalaya,NAD(PO)[phe,Visakhapatnam
56 http://weather.ap.nic.in Meteorological Centre,Hyderabad
57 http://ag.ap.nic.in Accounts General Andhra Pradesh
58 http://cdm.ap.nic.in College of Defence Management
59 http://nrcop.ap.nic.in National Research Centre for Oil Palm
60 http://hyderabadcustoms.ap.nic.in Hyderabad Customs
61 http://www.ap.nic.in/midhani Mishra Dhatu Nigam Limited
62 http://www.ap.nic.in/passport Regional Passport Office Hyderabad
63 http://intach.ap.nic.in The Indian National Trust For Art And Culture Heritage – Hyderabad
64 http://cdarndhyd.ap.nic.in Controller of Defence Accounts,Hyderabad
65 http://ignouhyd.ap.nic.in IGNOU,Hyderabad
66 http://www.ap.nic.in/dgsd Directorate General Of Supplies & Disposal
67 http://cghs.ap.nic.in Central Government Health Scheme32

- See more at: http://aviiviannee.blogspot.in/2012/01/list-of-central-government-websites.html#sthash.K5HzeLzQ.dpuf

TELANGANA: A LOOK AT THE HISTORY OF INDIA'S 29TH STATE

  Hyderabad, With the Lok Sabha passing the bill for bifurcation of Andhra Pradesh on Tuesday, decks have been cleared for the formation of Telangana as 29th state of India. Following are the major events in the history of Telangana since 1948:

 1948: Indian Army annexes princely state of Hyderabad, which comprised different regions including Telangana.

1950: Telangana became HyderabadState.

1952: First elections held in HyderabadState.

Nov 1, 1956: Telangana merged with Andhra State, which was carved out of Madras State, to form Andhra Pradesh, a united state for Telugu-speaking people.

1969: 'Jai Telangana' movement for separate statehood to Telangana began. Over 300 people killed in police firing.

1972: 'Jai Andhra' movement began in coastal Andhra for separate Andhra State.

1975: Presidential order issued to implement Six Point Formula, providing some safeguards to Telangana.

1997: BJP supported demand for Telangana state; in 1998 election, it promised 'one vote two states'.

2001: K. Chandrasekhara Rao floated Telangana Rashtra Samithi (TRS) to revive Telangana movement.

2004: TRS fought elections in alliance with Congress, wins five Lok Sabha and 26 assembly seats. UPA includes Telangana issue in common minimum programme.

2008: TDP announced support for Telangana demand.

2009: TRS contested elections in alliance with TDP but its tally came down to two Lok Sabha and 10 assembly seats.

Sep 2: Chief Minister Y.S. Rajasekhara Reddy died in helicopter crash, triggering political uncertainty.

Oct 2009: Chandrasekhara Rao began fast-unto-death for Telangana state.

Dec 9: Centre announced decision to initiate the process for formation of Telangana state.

Dec 23: Following protests in Rayalaseema and Andhra regions (Seemandhra) and en mass resignations of MPs and state legislators, centre put the process on hold citing need for consensus.

Feb 3, 2010: Centre set up five-member Srikrishna committee to look into Telangana issue.

Dec 2010: Srikrishna committee submitted its report, suggested six options.

July 30, 2013: UPA coordination panel and Congress Working Committee decided to carve out Telangana state. Protests in Seemandhra.

Oct 3, 2013: Union cabinet approved the proposal to divide Andhra Pradesh. A Group of Ministers (GoM) was constituted to prepare the roadmap after consultations with all stakeholders.

Oct 25, 2013: Chief Minister N. Kiran Kumar Reddy raised banner of revolt against Congress leadership. He wrote letters to president and prime minister urging them to stop bifurcation process.

Dec 5, 2013: Union cabinet approved draft Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Bill 2013 prepared on the basis of recommendations by the GoM.  Bill sent to President Pranab Mukherjee with a request to make a reference to Andhra Pradesh legislature to obtain its views under Article 3 of the Constitution.

Dec 9: The President gave time till Jan 23 to the state legislature to give its views.

Dec 12, 2013: Bill brought to Hyderabad in a special aircraft and amid tight security.

Dec 16, 2013: Bill introduced in both houses of state legislature amid clashes between Seemandhra and Telangana lawmakers.

Jan 8, 2014: After disruptions for several days, debate finally began on the bill in assembly and council.

Jan 21, 2014: State government sought four more weeks to debate the bill. The President gave one week.

Jan 27, 2014: Chief Minister Kiran Kumar Reddy gave notice to assembly speaker for a resolution to reject the bill.

Jan 30, 2014: Amid ruckus, both houses of state legislature passed by a voice vote official resolutions, rejecting the bill and appealing to the President not to send the bill to parliament.

Feb 5, 2014: Chief minister staged sit-in in Delhi to oppose bifurcation.

Feb 7, 2014: Union cabinet cleared the bill and rejected Seemandhra leaders' demand to make Hyderabad a union territory. Bill sent to the President for his approval to table it in parliament.

Feb 11, 2013: Congress expelled six MPs from Seemandhra for moving no-confidence motion against government.

Feb 13, 2014: Bill introduced in Lok Sabha amid clashes between MPs from Seemandhra and Telangana. L. Rajagopal, a MP from Seemandhra, used pepper spray in the house. Speaker suspended 16 MPs including Rajagopal for rest of the session.

Feb 18, 2014: Lok Sabha passes Telangana bill.

source:sa post

CHOOSING CAREER BY YOUR PERSONALITY TYPE

CHOOSING CAREER BY YOUR PERSONALITY TYPE

It is very important to know what type of personality you are. This understanding of the self will help you in various fields of your life – while making choices of careers/organizations to work with, in your relationships, in problem solving, etc.

Broadly, thereare six different types of personalities. Let’s discuss them in detail:

1.      PRACTICAL:

They are the realists. Such people are very rational and seek logic in whatever they do. They would not accept things without a reason nor do anything which show no results/benefits. They generally believe that emotions should be kept aside while taking important decisions. They don’t believe in wasting their time and efforts in pursuits of feelings and relations. They believe in ‘doing’; in execution. They love solving problems. They are intellectuals and prefer to have scientific approach to things. They are precise in their thinking and actions and seek precise results. They are generally highly materialistic people. They are very grounded people.

Suggested Careers:         

Administrative jobs, Business, Management, Economists, Mechanics, Engineering, Medicine, etc.

2.     ARTISTIC:

They rely very much on their senses. They are very creative people with very good imagination. They don’t ‘think’ ideas, they ‘feel’ them. They are very emotional. It’s so very easy for them to put themselves in the feet of others! They seek structure and order in things. They are very original in their thinking.They can express themselves, their ideas and thoughts very vividly and easily. They love creating a sensation. Exaggeration is not a vice for them – in fact,it is a virtue.

SuggestedCareers:

Fine Arts, Music, Dancing, Creative Writing, Computer Graphics, Fashion Designing, Dramatists, etc.

3.      LEADERS:

They are the enterprising type. They think they are always right and that they are born to lead. Nothing is impossible for them. Just say ‘impossible’ and they will jump at it. They show best results when challenged. They are very energetic and ambitious. They are very minute in their observations and have strongly analytical thinking. They are very good thinkers. You will never hear them say: ‘I am tired’ or ‘I give up’. They have the ability to change the other person’s thinking.

SuggestedCareers:

Administrative Officers, Politics, Business, Law and Order, Mountaineers, etc.

4.     SOCIAL:

Theyare the ‘people’s people’. They are most friendly persons. They make friends very easily – they find something common with even the oddest characters. They love being surrounded by people. They love variety and change. They are also good attention seekers. They just love attention. They are also very trustworthy and helpful.  Many of them are involved in philanthropic activities.

SuggestedCareers:

Social Activists, Ambassadors, Hospitality Industry, Media World, Therapists, Teachers,etc.

5.     CONVENTIONAL:

They prefer things the traditional way. They don’t want to venture into anything new; the traditionally set ways and conditions are best for them. Security is very important for them. They prefer to work in a set, systematic manner. They are very good at following orders. They are excellent in organization and implementation. Their sense of perseverance is very strong.

SuggestedCareers:

Accountants, Secretarial work, Banking, Insurance, Railways, Teaching, Trading, Stationery Dealer, Printer & Publisher, etc.

6.     RESEARCHERS:

They are the investigative types. They want to get to the bottom of everything. They are very intellectual. They have very high levels of patience. They are basically thinkers who want to know the what, why, how, etc. of everything. If involved in searching for something, nobody can deviate them from their path.They love solving mysteries and puzzles. Such people are normally good at persuasion. They will make you see reasons and convince you to accept what they want you to. They can be very moody too.

SuggestedCareers:

Mathematicians,Pharmacy, Professors, Judges, Lawyers, Psychologists,etc.

source:sa post

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